It's a curly-brace language with some solid decisions (e.g. default immutability) that produces static binaries and without a need for a virtual machine, while making some guarantees that eliminate a swathe of possible bug types at compile time.
As others note, the symbol soup is something you learn to read fluently and isn't worth getting hung up on.
Basically it occupies something of a sweet spot in the power/useability/safety space and got a decent PR shove by coming out of Mozilla back when they were the cool kids. I like it a lot. YMMV.