Minuteman III test showcases readiness of U.S. nuclear force's deterrent
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stratcom.mil
MX was deactivated in 2005 per SALT II. [1]
They moved the enhanced RVs from MX over to Minuteman. [2]
[0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2a1acYZ93yc
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGM-118_Peacekeeper#Retirement...
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=LGM-30_Minuteman&...
Why the fetish for this particular vehicle, even when anonymity is at a premium?
https://www.twz.com/37156/new-nuke-transporting-tractor-trai...
https://www.twz.com/14253/the-us-moves-nukes-in-booby-trappe...
I think one of the coolest missiles is the sprint missile, turns 90 degrees goes fast af and glows orange almost immediately
Another tangent the kill vehicles which I'm not sure if they still use
Payload delivery is interesting (the multiple cones in the head separate and spin on re-entry)
And finally last tangent, a study on the effects of clouds/air particles hitting the faces of hypersonic glide vehicles, I remember a picture it looked like a #2 pencil tip but it was partially ablated
edit: I found that image I was thinking of sorry it's on X was just on Google Images
https://x.com/masao_dahlgren/status/1488632918465470467
(Reentry vehicle nosetip after flying through rain at Mach 10)
Fun fact: when I drove out to see what was left of the launch complex, probably 20 years ago now, I was surprised to find a guy mowing the lawn and the lights still on! I assumed this was for some ABM treaty reasons. Wondering if it's still kept in that state.
Still, apparently they can turn sharply, this looks like 40':
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maneuverable_reentry_vehicle
The "Flight test of the Advanced Maneuverable Reentry Vehicle in early 1980" photo at the bottom. That was a while ago.
I've seen powerpoint slides about GMD / Aegis / THAAD and press releases about successful tests. I'd imagine that's the threat profile they hope to cover and I imagine they have less internet hype than SPRINT simply because the good videos are all still classified.
Maybe a few years ago. Recent estimates for NK is ~40 fissile material for warheads and similar number of icbms, which incidentally is around how many gmd interceptors US has. Ideally need >1 interceptor for each incoming, so matter of NK dud rates.
The problem is that adding another warhead (MRV or MIRV) is much much cheaper than building a whole new interceptor (and adding a decoy is cheaper still). The Hwangsung-17 almost certainly has MIRV capability (the Hwangsung-15 can put a single nuclear weapon anywhere in the United States, the only reason to go bigger is to MIRV it). The North Koreans put 12 of them in a recent parade, so that's at least 36 warheads, plus however many Hwangsung-15's they built. And unless you are doing boost phase interception (like the ABL, which was ultimately canceled do to being too vulnerable) it will just always be easier to put 3 warheads on a missile than you can build three new interceptors (technically, given the way GMD works, you ought to build 12 new interceptors- the plan with GMD is to launch four interceptors per target, so our current 44 interceptors provides protection against 11 targets total). The defenders are breaking windows with guineas, which just isn't sustainable unless you have an absolutely enormous economic advantage over the adversary. And even then North Korea has already built enough to overmatch the existing US missile defense systems. At 4 warheads per Hwangsung-17, the ones in the parade alone exhaust the GMD system even if they fire 1 interceptor per target instead of 4. Which I suspect was why the North Koreans paraded exactly that many missile launchers in 2023.
This basic bit of economics is why Richard Nixon signed the ABM Treaty in the first place. Idiots who thought that no one would ever be as smart as they were pulled the US out, and the result has been the utter destruction of most of our arms control treaties for negative benefit.
But the cost of the missiles themselves are not the only problem: you have to pay for all the apparatus around the missiles. That's the silos, the command and control, etc. ICBMs demand silos that can survive near missiles from nuclear warheads. The launch control centers need the same survivability. Truth be told, we can't build more. We're refurbishing all of the Minuteman missile silos for Sentinel. You need these to survive to the end of the world, so that you can make sure they people who ended yours also have theirs ended. You also need not just survivability, but assured control. An ICBM launching is the start of a nuclear war. We need to make sure that it doesn't start by accident. The net result is that the Sentinel program is $141B for 659 missiles in 400 silos).
Contra wise, an interceptor needs protection from the elements and maybe special forces attack. By the time the end of the world has come, they have all launched. So the silos are comparatively cheap. The launch control center is cheap. If a missile is launched by accident, it's just money (and a reduced amount of potential defense). It's not the end of the world.
GBI and NGI are National Missile Defense systems. The defended area is limited, but to say that is to underrate how much area is defended. It's all of North America. SM-3 Blk-IIA has a defended footprint equal to half the US (as in, a ship just outside SF Bay can defend out to Nebraska; a ship at Hampton Roads can also defend out to the other side of Nebraska) [0]. NGI even is designed for multiple kill vehicles. Which is to say, it kills multiple MIRVs.
But the problem is that the cost curve is actually the reverse of what you assume: if the warhead can't always get through, and you have to choose where your warheads land, and you don't know which ones won't get through, you have to assume that the defender might just decided that the target you really want dead, is the target they really want to protect. So if the US has 40 interceptors, and can shoot down an estimated 22 warheads with them, I have to paste the Pentagon with 23 warheads to make sure that it's dead. So the other 22 targets that were going to get hit, no longer can get warheads allocated to them. This applies to every other target the Russians want to kill. So suddenly, they don't have 1700 targets to hit with 1700 warheads, they have 74 targets. It will really suck to live in those 74 targets, but the other 1600 some places on the target list are going to be better off. And to hit another target, the Russians would need to add another 24 warheads to their ICBM force. But to force the Russians back to distributing those warheads among the 74 targets, the US would have to kill an average of another 1/3 of a warhead. Recall back that the SM-3 Blk IIA is ~$28M, while a Sentinel ICBM is ~$240M per deployed missile.
This doesn't even get into how the interceptors force the ICBM MIRVs to become less accurate, or hypersonic boost glide vehicles being limited to 1 per launcher, or the fact that we can track HGVs for the entire route, and decoys don't work for them.
0: https://breakingdefense.com/2015/07/aegis-ashore-navy-needs-... image near the bottom shows footprint of IIA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley_R._Mickelsen_Safeguard...
edit: probably not that big of a deal to be able to do that but it looks cool
Of course, he claims that it can't be stopped, but he is making that claim in the midst of imperfect intelligence of his opponent. And it's Putin we're talking about, he'd claim Russia has flying pigs if he thought were advantageous to.
He also rejected the claim that inert warheads can do the damage that Putin claimed. Which is obvious, since the warheads cannot have more kinetic energy than the total energy of the rocket fuel minus drag.
Hypersonic, yes. All IRBMs have hypersonic warheads on reentry.
That's concerning. If we rely on MAD for survival, we shouldn't signal weakness or unpreparedness with our nuclear arsenal.
Nukes are such a double-edged sword. If nuclear proliferation continues, I wonder if the MAD doctrine will even work. All it would take is one suicidal despot or slip up to destroy the world.
The fragile world hypothesis as an answer to the Fermi Paradox seems uncomfortably likely to me. (A "fragile universe" where the first aliens to initiate vacuum collapse to restart the universe also seems plausible.)
It scared the shit out of me.
The entire thing hedges on
1. US launching only a handful of mid course interceptors and they all fail, Aegis/SM-3, the most mature ABM system is not even mentioned. If I were the US DOD I would keep an Arleigh-Burke parked outside of North Korea at all times. 2. A North Korean submarine makes it to the coast of California without being tailed and isn't immediately destroyed by a sub after the initial salvo. 3. Russia keeps their phone on silent while nuclear war breaks out
I don't lose sleep over this
NATO has an offensive one.
After reading the official statements of nuclear use, with the US having "sink an airship carrier and find out", I thought: Are we the baddies? Rules as written, NATO is not interested in the survival of the human race, but in winning every war.
Fortunately or unfortunately depending on your perspective, Europe is too divided and too civilised to make that threat and probably at this point not strong enough from a military perspective to execute on it.
You left out one option in the the US's decision space: a surprise attack against Europe. I don't think the UK & France combined have enough nuclear warheads to cause an Extinction Level Event without US assistance. But still, if they think the destruction of human civilization is the correct position to take, might be best if we help extirpate them while they aren't sufficiently armed.
In a nuclear world you need to believe this (and your rivals need to know you 100% believe) or you won't survive to the next round of the game.
Even if every known nuclear weapon in the world was decommissioned it'd likely still be needed, in today's dollars the Manhattan project was $30 billion. And you gotta assume modern technology and knowledge would make it quite a bit cheaper.
After reading the official statements of nuclear use,
Like the latest one from Russia (Dec. 2024) which pretty much amounts to "whenever the fuck we feel like it?"https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2024-12/news/russia-revises-...
It says that Russia may use nuclear weapons in the event
of “aggression against the Russian Federation and/or the
Republic of Belarus…with the use of conventional weapons,
creating a critical threat to their sovereignty and/or
territorial integrity.”
Of course, they don't define what "critical threat" means. Ukraine has occupied Kursk for half a year now. Is that... a threat? A critical one?If you where a nato country you had the problem that by the time reinforcment from the usa could arrive, the udssr could potentially be in control of most if not all of europe.
While the udssr didn't really had that concern, as they had more than enough room to retreat, reform and defend.
In such a scenario it's very easy for the udssr to have a no first strike policy when there was simply no way for any european country to invade them, while smaller countries would have had a real concern that they either use their weapons to the full effect or have no chance to do so.
IMHO there is also the substantial benefit that the udssr now knew that any attack meant that they would trigger a war without winners, e.g. they couldn't fight and then retreat to safe bases deep in their territory
Russia seems to have an unclear one as well. They've certainly implied the use of tactical warheads as an option with the Russo-Ukraine war should it reach a certain point.
As for if we're the baddies... don't touch the boats. shrugs
Israel, also.
Now that the USA has thrown up a giant middle finger to Europe & NATO, it sure seems like more countries are going to have to make their own nuclear weapons. No one is coming to help you Poland; that's the new American stance. So everyone start proliferating!
It absolutely makes the situation much much much harder to manage. Now, and in a longer term as nations go through their own fits & tantrums over time. As, we see, happens.
That's how the rest of the world lives praying that the US doesn't bomb them because they are not "democratic" enough.
I find it gross as hell, but the "switchblade" drones we have favored have basically no collateral damage. And Biden stopped the drone warfare almost entirely.
It's unclear to me what the complaint really is. I don't see it.
Wait, are you asking to appreciate that the US stopped nuking cities?
There's an entire laundry list of legit complaints about post WWII US actions.
Made up weapons of mass destruction, ... it keeps on going.
You can shrug all that off, sure, but there's certainly justification for others to see the US as a source of terror.
Ukraine's Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances doesn't seem to have gotten them much in the way of territorial integrity either.
If I were bordering Russia or any other state that seems interested in expanding its borders, I'd be concerned that international agreements might not deter such expansion and wonder what could be done. Obtaining the means for MAD seems reasonable, although the costs are high and perhaps unjustifiable.
Even today, the vast majority of your military spending should be in something else. Precision targeted small explosives generally get the job you need done much better that destroy the whole earth.
Precision targeted small explosives generally get the
job you need done much better that destroy the whole earth.
Right, but if your foe can afford more precision targeted small explosives, then nukes start looking attractive to the North Koreas of the world.I think you got it backwards - the warheads are still British-made, they're stuck on top of US missiles.
I agree with your gist that this ain't a massive economic burden (although my gods, trying to get from ancient Minuteman to Sentinel in the US has been a far-harder-than-it-should-be travail). But that's not the point.
The point is proliferation. For not-that-much-less-than a century, the world has agreed that these horrific terrible incredible weapons are too dangerous, are something we should encourage nations to not build, to not need. Because there have been perceived responsible respectable decent powers of the world who have pledged to defend the free world against enemies and incursions. Who are vested in world stability, who see that afraid nations building the bomb for themselves creates a risk that some day those bombs aren't under control, are used by bad players. Conservatism towards the bomb has been an agreed praxis everywhere.
And the DJT America has just slid up behind anti&proliferation and slit it's throat and left the bleeding out body of an incredibly sane-making de-risking world-stabilizing force. By being an absolute grade-A weak skinned petty douche.
Not as much as you would think. Ballistic missiles are not the most reliable things in the world, you expect some degree of failures, especially at longer ranges. When Iran launched its massive ballistic missile barrage at Israel last year, I saw estimates that as many as half failed, either during boost phase or during the midcourse phase. And while that isn't great, it's not entirely unexpected. American ICBMs are expected to be more reliable than that, but we're probably talking about 70-80% in realistic conditions (My source is the "Iran and Israel's Missile War" episode of the Arms Control Wonk Podcast, where Dr. Lewis makes those statements. A quick google didn't give a written source). The reason this doesn't matter overly much is because the US (and other nuclear powers) have a lot of missiles. Even if your missiles have 50% reliability, if you just make twice as many missiles as you need there isn't really an issue. You still want your missiles as reliable as possible, of course, and you want your tests to be especially reliable for signaling purposes. But a failed test every now and then is not going to fundamentally alter the risk calculus.
Live public demos are a signal of strength, not of weakness. The only way you can know the demo is real is if it fails at least occasionally.
I expect to start seeing a lot more articles giving "signals of strength" to try and offset the many signs of weakness and failure which have been painting a target on us.
1) When there are lots of actors. As the number of potential threats go up, the probability that someone will act "irrationally" goes up combinatorially. This is why monopolies always act to benefit themselves, oligopolies usually act in their own interest, but competitive markets always have some defector that triggers a price war.
2) When one of the actors is dead anyway. MAD relies on total annihilation being a negative consequence. If total annihilation is what's going to happen to you anyway, you have no incentive not to launch the missiles.
3) When the responsible party for a launch can't be identified. If you launch but your other enemy gets blamed for it, you've killed two birds with one stone.
Note that the U.S. government has very strong doctrines in place to avert each of these conditions. Nuclear non-proliferation, strong sanctions or military action on countries that are developing nuclear weapons, and nuclear secrecy are all to avert #1. American reliance on soft-power and us keeping dictators in power even when we don't like them are to avert #2. U.S. intelligence agencies are to avert #3.
Despite all this, all three of these conditions are fraying. I'm not all that optimistic that we'll avert nuclear armageddon. The game theorists at RAND corporation knew what they were doing, though.
The test side in parallel treats it like a normal-ish space launch with countdown, tracking, telemetry, etc and the ability to destruct if it goes off course. None of that is possible with an unmodified weapon.
I am not aware of tests ever being a part of broader war game type simulations as that is probably too hair-trigger for the Russians, etc.
See “Able Archer 83” for why realistic testing can be dangerous!
Is anyone kept blind about it being a test? Like, does the crew wake up in the morning knowing "we're gonna launch a fake nuke today", or are they drinking their morning coffee like any other day in the bunker and suddenly the glaxon starts glaxoning?
Yeah, about that. For how long?
""
Bring!
Bring back the bomb
Bring! Bring! Bring!
Bring back the bomb
Bring back the bomb, it's been far too long
Summon the brazen war chariot
Bring back the bomb, what makes it so wrong?
Release the beast, you can't bury it
Who gives a fuck about a nuclear war?
Let bombs explode, 'cause that's what they're for
""
Throwing stuff up into space looks great but so would a bolt of thunder from out of the blue where the missile hit the target.
If we don't see it land, it's not a demonstration.
These inert reentry vehicles are impacting at hypersonic speeds; I wouldn't want to be anywhere near there.
I think that it's important we know these systems work. There's some freaking amazing technology built into them back when I was a kid. If even 50% of them actually work, we're way ahead of everyone else.
I'd be surprised if anything in Russia works at a rate of more than 1%.