>Smartphones didn't come from a VC-backed startup.
This isn't entirely correct: both Palm and Apple (the creators of the smart phone) were originally venture-backed.
This isn't entirely correct: both Palm and Apple (the creators of the smart phone) were originally venture-backed.
You seem to be equating "smartphone" with "has third party apps", but that isn't the defining characteristic of "smartphone" based on any common usage.
Besides, when the iOS App Store was launched ~1 year later, the original iPhone was able to use it.
Both the n95 and original iPhone were widely considered to be smartphones at the time! Examples:
https://www.engadget.com/2006-09-26-nokias-n95-smartphone-go...
https://www.macrumors.com/2008/02/05/iphone-with-28-of-u-s-s...