The vast majority of harms from “AI” are actually harms from the corporations and governments that control them, who have mutually incompatible goals, getting what they want. This is why alignment folks at OpenAI are quickly learning that the first problem they need to solve is what happens when their values don’t align with the company’s (spoiler: they get fired).

Therefore the actual solution is not coming up with more and more clever “guardrails” but aligning corporations and governments to human needs. In other words, politics.

There are other problems like enabling new types of scams which will require political solutions. At a technical level the best these companies can do is mitigation.