None of those services could exist today if copyright didn't exist, because streaming services wouldn't be able to compete with free downloads. I think Patreon and Kickstarter are how creative work is funded in that world.
Netflix, Spotify, and Valve (Steam) didn’t succeed because of copyright enforcement. They won because they made paying for content easier, faster, and better than piracy.
Piracy isn’t hard, but these services solved the friction: instant access, high quality, fair pricing, and features that free alternatives couldn’t match. That’s why they still thrive today.
[1] https://www.escapistmagazine.com/valves-gabe-newell-says-pir...
PopcornTime would eat their lunch if it were allowed to work [1].
Steam is an unusual case, because games are running software and can't be trivially reproduced in their unencoded form. The publishers can include copy protection, network connection requirements, or even run essential parts of game logic on their own servers. So free downloads became a much worse experience over time.
I question this statement. First two hits:
* https://getd.libs.uga.edu/pdfs/welter_brennan_s_201212_ma.pd... Adding a movie to Netflix reduces piracy directly
* https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/jeborg/v209y2023icp334-347.htm... Removing movies from Netflix increases piracy.
There's plenty more where that came from. Netflix actually reduces piracy. Not the other way around.
Netflix built their entire streaming business model during a time when piracy was so widespread it was almost as good as legal. They succeeded precisely by proving that people would pay for good service even when free options were readily available. They're a textbook example of a business that thrives by being better than free!
Despite huge investments in enforcement, movie piracy never waned. The reason it declined? Netflix. Why is it now seeing a bit of a resurgence? Also Netflix, actually, or rather the fact that people have splintered the streaming landscape.
Here's some articles from Forbes at the time. [1] [2] [3] and an interview with the Netflix CEO [4]
People following the Netflix/piracy story at the time saw it like this: Netflix doesn't necessarily need to care if piracy is legal or not, because it removes most of the incentive to pirate. People tried a lot of things against piracy, until Netflix came along and that was the thing that actually worked. Piracy goes down where Netflix is available. I've also provided enough sources to explain why: Piracy is a service problem [3]. Netflix provides the missing service, so people don't feel like they need to pirate anymore.
In a world where piracy was fully legal, Netflix would still exist, and still drive down piracy. This is Netflix's entire reason for success!
[1] https://www.forbes.com/sites/matthickey/2013/05/07/netflix-w...
[2] https://www.forbes.com/sites/insertcoin/2014/01/24/whatever-...
[3] https://www.forbes.com/sites/insertcoin/2012/02/03/you-will-...
[4] https://www.stuff.tv/news/netflixs-ted-sarandos-talks-arrest... (under the heading "what are you doing to combat piracy?" )
Netflix just made it that much easier to find what you want[2] and just watch it. People were and are willing to pay for that.
[1] for movies and other large files you can use a torrent tracking site: type what you want, click the result with most seeds, download, play.
[2] Not necessarily as easy as it used to be a few years ago. So piracy is going back up.
Do you think these diverse streaming services would admit to what they're doing, or will they try to double down on enforcement again?