Using eSIMs with devices that only have a physical SIM slot via a 9eSIM SIM car
neilzone.co.uk
neilzone.co.uk
Of course this would be immensely useful. For example, can I put this in my vehicle with built in maps (or just have a hotspot in my vehicle to use with a tablet). As a price comparison, in the us there are some EVs that charge $100/year for basically this, most charge a lot more. That's $8.33/month, so only a bit more than $6 or 7. But in the us it's hard or impossible get anything that low for just raw service, I can't find anything like that.
Yes. I paid 5 €/month for LIDL Connect for 1 GB. I don't need much mobile data and in just a few months the cost of the adapter is amortized. It might also come handy in the future if I travel abroad.
The stated reason is because you can call premium services and run up a charges even with a free service.
Depending on what 4G/LTE modem/chip your laptop it is using (it must be based on a Qualcomm SoC which 99% are), there are and I can share documents on how you can do the provisioning directly on the Laptop the SIM card is in.
The feature is present in the stock Qualcomm firmware bundle, but vendors like Quectel, Sierra etc may decide if they include the feature or not.
I know this because it is on our dev team To-Do List to implement that for a Linux daemon :)
He has :)
> there are and I can share documents on how you can do the provisioning directly on the Laptop the SIM card is in.
Yes, please!
To make the source code work in a general fashion with most Qualcomm modems you might have lots of work to do.
Also, as mentioned: It's up to the vendor to decide if they keep the LPA eSIM support in their firmware, or remove it, or disable this in QMI. Sierra Wireless for example for long was known to throw most stuff out because their flash else would not have had enough space for both the PCIe MBIM and USB QMI firmware they needed to implement, so tons of stuff is missing in their QMI.
For some vendors you will need some magic commands to enable some SIM-related features.
So please don't be disappointed if this turns out to be of no use. It's just a fragment that may be able to help solving a puzzle, or maybe not.
You can reach me via mail to s at username dot eu
TIA
Alternatives:
I've tried the esim.me and the jmp offerings in the same set of phones.
esim.me was generally quite glitchy and ultimately just stopped working. The requirement of having an esim.me account also just rubbed me the wrong way.
jmp has been a seamless experience so far.
I ordered a 5ber yesterday, and waiting for it to arrive.
The only issue I've had with it is that some esim provider apps refuse to work on a phone that doesn't have esim capabilities, and since the phone sees the card as a normal sim card, the apps don't work. I assume that will be an issue for any of these cards. Not a huge issue though, most esim apps/websites will still let you get the QR code or download the profile even if your phone doesn't natively support esim, and you just enter that into the esim.me app to program the card.
- GLiNet Mudi v2: https://store.gl-inet.com/products/mudi-v2-portable-4g-lte-r...
- EIOT Physical eSim https://store.gl-inet.com/products/esim-experience-seamless-...
- 20GB Worldwide Airalo for 365 days ($69): https://www.airalo.com/global-esim/discover-365days-20gb
Buy the airalo esim on my iphone. Download the QR code. Upload it to the mudi router. Activate it there. Voila! I then wireguard back to my home internet in case I need a US on the router. Can also use tailscale, but if my gf wants US internet its helpful.
https://docs.gl-inet.com/router/en/4/tutorials/how_to_set_up...
Lycamobile and Simyo usually have good deals though ended up needing to get a physical SIM in Spain as they require showing ID.
Another 5 EUR down to tube because I only had 4,95 for my 5 EUR plan.
Dunno why I put my SIM card in first but I guess I had to for some reason (was on wifi and had access to a computer)
It's not "totally hidden". You need to be extra careful to cancel the request to add the new SIM number to FaceTime/iMessage when prompted.
The prompt appears every time the phone is restarted though, and whenever the SIM is switched to.
Overall their customer service is quite possibly the worst I’ve experienced but the network is good and their prices are fair - £10 a month for 25GB I can use in the EU and India.
1. Do I need to show a passport yes/no?
2. Who sells the sim? Do I need to sit in a queue to purchase one? How do I top up?
3. Who is the best telco provider in the region I'm in?
4. etc etc
I'd prefer eSIM all day for that reason. Also, yes I can load up as many local/region eSIMs I want in case I need more, but honestly 20GB is plenty for a full year.
They have coupons every so often on holidays for their worldwide esims. I believe they have one going for Chinese New Years that makes 30GB for $80. The data also has a 2 year expiration that rolls over on any global data purchase.
Downside is their esims (mostly? all?) terminate in Singapore, so higher latency outside of the Asia region.
Hotspotting is great for 1 or 2 devices, but devices are reluctant to connect to a personal hotspot automatically (Apple devices, at least). You have to manually select/tap the hotspot every time, which gets to be a pain when you have multiple devices and you're using it as your daily, primary internet connection.
I might also want to leave the house/hotel room/office for whatever reason with my phone but keep other devices connected. In this case the router can either be fixed in place (and plugged in) or travel with me on battery. Flexibility!
1) Tethering to my laptop when I need to check something for work in a pinch
2) Letting friends use my data if they don't have any or have a limited plan
In both cases, I think it makes sense to not automatically connect every time my phone is near.
Too bad it's only 4G, though? I bought my 5G Huawei in 2019! Hopefully they'll come out with a 5G version soon.
A properly functioning phone hotspot is a "real" WiFi network. The ones created by Android devices, at least, are running `hostapd`, which every Linux-based home router is running behind the scenes.
> devices are reluctant to connect to a personal hotspot automatically (Apple devices, at least).
Solution: don't use Apple devices.
Any limitations / bumps in the road, or it "just works"?
https://dl.gl-inet.com/release/router/testing/e750/4.3.21
Fixed the problem that esim manage page is lost after installing some esim profiles.ESTK supports a couple neat features, like cloud provisioning of profiles [2] (which makes it possible to add eSIM profiles on iPhone, too, not just Android).
[0]: https://estk.me/
[1]: https://shop.sysmocom.de/sysmoEUICC1-eUICC-for-consumer-eSIM...
[2]: https://docs.estk.me/manual/download/cloud-enhance/index.htm...
- you bought eSIM in Germany
- you are currently in US
- you use tailscale with exit node at your apartment in Germany
- voila, no roaming when you call German mobile lines
Right?
[EDIT FOR ADDITIONAL QUESTION]
If I have troubles receiving SMSs from Germany to German number while in US, would wifi calling icrease the chances of receiving the said SMSs?
And then, I get a user who tells me that their carrier is saying they are roaming, even though they don't. I'm a tad clueless at first, because they are the network, they ought to know (this even happen over VoLTE). I send them an updated implementation that reports the correct cell. And then they receive a "welcome back" SMS.
Anyway, it's possible that your carrier can do abroad vowifi, you just need your vowifi client to lie as to where it is.
Fortunately, as far as I remember at least iPhones route VoWiFi traffic over a VPN, if any is connected, so that's one way to still use it abroad.
The Vo WiFi spec only defines handover procedures for networks that implement VoLTE, but VoLTE roaming was historically almost nonexistent, although the situation is improving somewhat.
This means that if you go out of range of your WiFi router, your cell phone has no idea how to request a handover from the network, and the call drops.
Also, I'd much prefer a call getting dropped to suddenly changing from being included to billed when traveling abroad.
For EU carriers roaming used to be a big business (Europe is probably the region where most traveling abroad happens, many small countries close together without travel restrictions). The EU carriers don't seem to be able to let go of crazy roaming charges (5€ per minute and more are not uncommon outside of EU).
I'm not up to date on the state of messaging infrastructure but it used to be the case that some providers would offer non-standard methods for sending messages over their network to intermediary providers. Rather than sending an SMS to a number, a business would ask the intermediary to send a message and the intermediary would use the non-standard method provided by the network provider. The non-standard methods work fine if you're connected to the network directly but if you're overseas that will not be the case and so you can't receive these non-standard messages. Don't quote me on any of that, though.
Once it's enqueued in an SMSC, there is no more distinction between how it got there, as far as I understand (at least downstream from there; delivery reports to the sender might again be proprietary for non-mobile senders).
> The non-standard methods work fine if you're connected to the network directly but if you're overseas that will not be the case and so you can't receive these non-standard messages.
This is actually not particular to the way in which SMS have been enqueued, but rather to how they're delivered: The sending SMSC has to "dial" pretty deep into both the recipient's home and visited network in the original implementation. This means that they need a commercial agreement and technical integration with both of them.
Usually, problems/inconsistencies occur when they do know how to deliver to the recipient number's home network (because if they can't, they'd probably have rejected the message at SMSC submission time), but are then redirected to a given visited network with which they don't have interconnectivity.
This problem (and some others, including serious privacy concerns) is solved by a newer technology called "SMS home routing". In that model, there's something like a proxy in the recipient's home network that essentially poses as the receiving phone to the sending SMSC, and then uses the home network's resources to do actual delivery. This usually leads to more consistent experiences, and allows things like a "received message log". (Without a home router, the recipient's home network never sees the message content when the recipient is roaming!)
> If I have troubles receiving SMSs from Germany to German number while in US, would wifi calling icrease the chances of receiving the said SMSs?
Probably not, unless your provider supports inbound and outbound SMS via ISM. If you have an iPhone, you can check whether yours does in Settings -> About -> Tap the name of your carrier. (If it lists "Voice and SMS", you might be good; if it's only "voice" or nothing at all, SMS will go over the visited network.)
Then again I could also easily see telcos charging roaming anyway, just because they can.
This means that "no roaming costs over WiFi" is a very dicy proposition, as a carrier either needs to restrict handovers (and I don't even know if that's allowed by the spec, not to mention the implications of dropping calls when going out of WiFi Range), cover the costs themselves, or move them onto the unsuspecting user if a handover happens.
OpenEUICC needs a rooted phone, while the provider-branded packages like EasyEUICC can run in user space (and thus needs to be signed with the corresponding hash).
-----8<-----
There are two variants of this project:
OpenEUICC: The full-fledged privileged variant. Due to its privilege requirement, OpenEUICC must be placed inside /system/priv-app and be signed with the platform certificate.
The preferred way to including OpenEUICC in a system image is to build it along with AOSP.
Note: When privileged, OpenEUICC supports any eUICC chip that implements the SGP.22 standard, internal or external. However, there is no guarantee that external (removable) eSIMs actually follow the standard. Please DO NOT submit bug reports for non-functioning removable eSIMs. They are NOT officially supported unless they also support / are supported by EasyEUICC, the unprivileged variant.
EasyEUICC: Unprivileged version that can run as a user app. This version supports two modes of operation: Inserted, removable eSIMs: Due to obvious security requirements, EasyEUICC is only able to access eSIM chips whose ARF/ARA contains the hash of EasyEUICC's signing certificate.
USB CCID Card Readers: Only T=0 readers that use the standard USB CCID protocol are supported. In this mode, EasyEUICC can access any eSIM chip loaded in the card reader regardless of their ARF/ARA, as long as they implement the SGP.22 standard.
Prebuilt release-mode EasyEUICC apks can be downloaded here For removable eSIM chip vendors: to have your chip supported by official builds of EasyEUICC when inserted, include the ARA-M hash 2A2FA878BC7C3354C2CF82935A5945A3EDAE4AFA
Supposedly the people doing this at scale (for grey imports?) even de-solder the eSIM module and resell it, but I have my doubts about that part of the story.
I'm not sure if iPhones still have a physical module; it would make a lot of sense for Apple to combine the eSIM implementation with the payments secure element (I think they hold some patents to that extent), but I'm not sure if they already do that.
There’s no free WiFi without requiring a phone number. It allows the government to connect internet users to real identities.
I think this is why Apple releases the latest iPhones with physical SIM trays in China while the latest iPhones in North America are eSIM only
It's US that's esim only. Canada and Mexico still has physical sim + esim option if you're willing to drive across the border.
https://www.apple.com/iphone/compare/
But why would you ever want an eSIM in a SIM device, I’d assume it’s more often the other way around
I live in such a country and have parents with older phones who can't use esims, so the value is obvious to me. :)
Currently I'm in Georgia, unlimited internet for a week is 9 GEL, or around 3ish USD per week. The cheapest on esdimdb is 19 USD for unlimited internet for a week.
What we usually do when we travel is buy the cheapest eSIM, usually on some introductory offer to get like 1GB for 1 USD (so we can order taxis, maps etc), then go to a local provider and get a local SIM.
One place where an eSIM was a good choice was China. I don't quite understand how it works, but it seems if you use an eSIM in China you get around the great firewall without needing a VPN.
I wish eSIMs were cheaper, so I wouldn't have to deal with the headache of doing that. When going to local providers, sometimes they offer an eSIM option, but there is usually no price difference.
That's just the default for most mobile data services, eSIM or physical SIM. Your home network provides Internet connectivity. "Local breakout" (where you get an IP of the visited network) has never really taken off for various reasons, one being that people actually like being able to access everything they also can at home.
I also strongly suspect that this is why iPhones in China don't have any eSIM capability.
That's basically guaranteed to be overpriced. Anything prominently advertised means you're going to be paying for the advertising budget.
Also, it's "unlimited data", which probably makes it more expensive than it needs to be due to adverse selection. For instance it charges $50 for 15 days in europe, but on esimdb[1] you can easily find esims for just over $1/gb. It might still be worth it if you're using absurd amounts of data, but citing it as an example of esims being very expensive doesn't really make sense.
Not the common Esim provider spamming all of Google. But you often find local Esim resellers for local networks.
Writing this from my Caravan WiFi, with a small streaming computer, 2 mobiles and a laptop using about 250 GB a month :)
I find that for light data users (ie. < 5GB), esims are always almost cheaper than local sims, except for maybe in developing countries.
I’m currently in Thailand and I got 6 GB for about $2 total (50 baht for the SIM with 3 GB for 3 days, another 20 baht top up for another 3 GB / 3 days). I did use eSIM for about a month before that though (I just wanted a local number to order some stuff from Lazada).
Another example (also from Southeast Asia, FWIW): Malaysian SIMs are also cheaper, though topping them up is painful so I’d personally stick with an eSIM there.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IMF_advanced_economies_an...
Aren't there this kind of shops in any major airport?
Or does the esim spec have some kind of DRM to require you to use physical hardware with an embedded yet secret-to-you key?
Yes. Basically there's an accreditation process by the GSMA, and if your esim doesn't have a certificate chain leading back to GSMA, you won't be able to get your esim provisioned.
https://media.ccc.de/v/camp2023-57190-demystifying_esim_tech...
The QR codes that provision the eSIM are single-use.
Most "real" carriers will of course let you migrate your eSIMs, with varying degrees of pain involved (my Japanese eSIM migrated automatically from iPhone to iPhone; the German one involved making a phone call); but ~all "travel plans" eSIMS will be single-use only.
Until eSIM provisioning for embedded devices is sorted out and popularized there will be plenty of reasons to adapt to a regular SIM.
Easily saved $300 to a comparable device with Esim support.
You can buy your eSIM service at the best possible price ahead of time online and have it ready to go when you land, and you don’t have to upgrade your not-that-old phone to do so.
So when I arrived at my destination, I was able to purchase a 30-day SIM for a local phone number and data, but my primary SIM was useless outside of the U.S. so no access to my primary phone number (I ended up using WhatsApp a lot). My carrier (Boost Mobile) advertised an add-on for "Global Roaming", but despite non-trivial time spent reading and talking to them on the phone, I got merely a vague impression that only an eSIM would have allowed me to continue to use my primary number out of the country. Would this solution have worked for me?
Meanwhile, I still have the (now deactivated) second SIM in my phone, hope that is not a security risk of some kind.
All an eSIM does is replace a physical one with a "digital" one. You'd still be using your carrier in these places. For your sim to work, your carrier would need to have agreements in place with providers in the country you're in. And then they'd charge you an extortionate amount of money to making any calls or use any data.
[1] https://cdsassets.apple.com/live/7WUAS350/images/ios/ios-18-...
You might not be able to use a provider's extended/rural or dense urban canyon filler cells, but I haven't yet been to a place where I didn't get any roaming connectivity at all.
In some countries (the US included), providers restrict the ability of devices not capable of e.g. VoIP to connect on certain bands (as there is no circuit switched fallback available there, and there's an FCC mandate that calls, in particular 911 calls, have to work wherever data works), but that's usually not applied to inbound roaming guests.
Most Chinese imported phones have really poor band support in the US. Lucky to get band 2 and band 5 at best.
> In some countries (the US included), providers restrict the ability of devices not capable of e.g. VoIP to connect on certain bands (as there is no circuit switched fallback available there, and there's an FCC mandate that calls, in particular 911 calls, have to work wherever data works), but that's usually not applied to inbound roaming guests.
US all circuit switched data is basically gone except for a few rural carriers and maybe a few pockets of 2G left on T-Mobile (was shut down on my local towers in past few weeks). Unsure of the 911 IMS carrier profile support on models not intended for US market.
I don't know whether this is carrier-specific or the same for all carriers.
But now I have doubts, especially outside the EU: if it doesn't work, that would loose one of the advantages that I'd sort of expected eSIM to have: if your phone gets lost / stolen while abroad, you could just get a new eSIM from your carrier immediately, and set it up on your replacement phone.
In my case, my bank uses mandatory SMS 2FA for setting up their app on a new phone, thus making it impossible to make purchases with my card without having the being able to set up the app.
So I'd be back to the oldschool method of having a fried back at home set up the new eSIM, receive the 2FA code...
I've purchased newer Pixel devices from my local shop and activated Google Fi just fine overseas. (with the caveat that I might not have all of T-Mobile's bands if I'm back in the US).
If that is the case, what would happen if we transferred the MAC address along with the eSIM? (assuming you have a jailbroken/rooted phone)
After an esim is "activated" it's bound to the esim chip. By design, you can't copy it onto another esim chip or device. If you want to transfer devices, you need to ask your carrier to issue you another esim.
It's ultimately up to the provider which model they choose, but I really like the ones that allow both reuse of an existing profile and make it easy and free to provision a new one if required (e.g. due to a lost or broken device).
When connecting via a cellular data network, all data will be routed via your carrier's Access Point Name (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access_Point_Name).
Most carriers only have servers in their home region capable of handling the traffic. It is possible to have regional servers for this, but most carriers don't bother with the expense. Roaming data is usually expensive or restricted in usage - so there's traditionally been very little demand for higher speed connectivity.
Travel eSIMs are usually just a regular SIM with a very limited plan from a carrier that has favourable roaming deals.
No, that's never really been the case. It's technically possible (and called "local breakout"), but for various reasons I also don't fully understand, it's usually not done that way.
One is legal liability for user actions; another is accessibility of services at home, such as banking apps, that are probably more comfortable with a familiar IP.
Partly I think it's skirting around local regulations (e.g. if a country required SIMs to be registered with the owner's information, but you provision the SIM from a nearby country's telco and route traffic through there maybe you can get around it).
But as far as I understand this has nothing to do with eSIMs and a lot to do with Airalo trying to cover every corner of the world for cheap.
The host roaming network is just selling in bulk, but does not own the customer.
I just want to swap my number into different phones like I can with a physical card, without anyone else's involvement or approval.
If I could just grab an esim and download it onto a physical card that would be great.
> only allowing so many changes per month
That I have actually encountered. I've seen one (fortunately only when traveling) that actually charges a "SIM fee" for each new eSIM profile installed, and they don't allow reinstalls of my initial one...
Charging for a new eSIM is dubious even if a profile is reinstallable, but it's less of an issue for me, as I'd only have to do that if I lose a phone, or it fails to a point where I can no longer remove the installed eSIMs so that I can redownload them on another one.
And a lot of operators have restrictions on phones. Imported phones are often blocked (and also not given access to VoLTE).
For me it is a big deal if it charges "sim fees". I do swap my sims very regularly. For testing, or to put one in my tablet when I travel. I just want to be fully free to do as I please.
But luckily I only use prepay these days and none of the carriers here in Europe that do prepay offer eSIM anyway.
Not true, e.g. in Portugal: https://www.nos.pt/movel/esim (though you need to go to a store to pick-up the QR code, I think to avoid people from other countries using it?), https://www.meo.pt/servicos/movel/tarifarios-telemovel/e-sim same thing
(I haven’t seen any other that ships reusable QR codes yet.)
They have great roaming deals so I like having its eSIM always installed, but if I change iPhone I have to visit a store Thailand. Fantastic. I ended up switching it for a physical SIM card.
The prices charged are often too high but depending on the setup the provider is using they might actually pay a vendor a fee every time an eSIM profile is generated.
that's only needed on non-rooted Android, due to security restrictions imposed by android. OP even mentions using an open source tool (lpac) with his esim adapter.
I don't really like the move to eSIMs, or rather the removal of physical SIM card (slots.) A physical thing is a lot easier to reason about, and you can swap them in seconds.
Edit: Looks great but it's US only. But I think the one in the article spoke about a similar solution.
Just with my own SIM card, or even multiple SIM cards.
I m working on a diy solution with cheap sim800c usb modems but it’s just not that good.
As far as I know, smartphones don't have a protocol for accessing a remote cellular network connection in the same way as if it was internal, so the only viable way is to have a hotspot device that shares the connection over wi-fi.
With an eSIM activation, the only possibility is that someone else e.g. reads the QR code from your screen and activates the eSIM on their device; but you'll notice that since eSIM activation will fail on your end, and will likely request a new one. But that does provide some window for a targeted attack.
With a physical SIM, there's a much easier attack available, in form of extracting the SIM itself from your phone. It isn't a remote attack, but it might even take you longer to notice.
Arguably, an operator's support of remote eSIM activation (whether you use it or not) is the biggest attack vector, since it allows an attacker to impersonate you and request a new eSIM.
eSIMs could have been an anti-consumer nightmare, but fortunately they were really done exactly right. I really sometimes find it hard to believe how lucky we got on that one; they could have easily been a carrier lock-in mechanism like ESN/MEID based provisioning was.
> Let's be proactive on this one.
Even if you had a point, you're years too late. iPhones are sold without a SIM slot in some countries already (and I love it).
Really? Because I can swap a SIM card between phones in 30 seconds whereas swapping eSIM lies between "hoping it works" and "not possible", passing by "you'll need a document" or "visit the store, if it's anywhere in your city/country"
Operators could also release physical SIMs that get tied to a given phone's IMEI after first insertion if they really wanted to.
Either way, the end result is that I have to identify myself at a store to move some eSIMs and many are simply not transferable (particularly from Airalo)
How are eSIMs "enslaving" people? Or for that matter, Windows 11 secure boot? There's plenty to complain about in Windows 11 from a privacy perspective, but secure boot is your problem?
And how? The same way SIM locks did. EU made them illegal not without reason.
SIM locks were for operators to lock phones they sell you only to their network. You can install any eSIM, including from random MVNOs all around the world.