I think you're thinking of an electronic CVT, like the Prius uses.
The Prius has two electric motors and a gas engine. It's not a CVT in the traditional sense though, this simulator does a good job of demonstrating how it works(implemented in Flash, not D3...) http://eahart.com/prius/psd/
[0] http://www.blogcdn.com/www.autoblog.com/media/2010/06/2011cr...