Does something like PGlite work for your use case? https://pglite.dev/
It's possible to use PGlite from any language using native Postgres clients and pg-gateway, but you lose some of the nice test DX when it's embed directly in the test code.
I'm hopeful that we can bring PGlite to other platforms, it's being actively worked on.
The other thing I hope we can look at at some point is instant forks of in memory databases, it would make it possible to setup a test db once and then reset it to a known state for each test.
(I work on PGlite)
postgres installs easily on WSL2 or whatever Linux distribution you're using.