Agreed, if you
have to have a web server and separate worker servers, then Postgres is likely better than a weird network layer on top of SQLite. But I'd question the true need for need separate worker servers. Is it for performance or functionality, or just hand-wavey stuff like "best practices" or "modern" or "scalability" without any hard numbers attached? If a single server can handle 100,000 simultaneous users, that's quite "scalable".
I guess my point is, a single cloud VM with the (web) app server and a SQLite database will take you VERY far these days in terms of performance and concurrent users. The web server becomes your client-server layer, which can possibly eliminate the need for a separate client-server interface on the database end. Of course each app is different, but it's worth taking a hard look at whether you need that additional server & network connection (i.e. a bunch of app servers sharing the same database, that can't be done with an API). It's good to delete any part or process that you can.
Cloud vendor developer-marketing and resume-driven-development has pushed the industry into ever more complicated distributed infrastructures, but I suspect the needs of 99% of businesses could be handled much more simply, with vertical scaling if needed (larger VM class) before diving into kubernetes, clustering, load balancing, lambda, microservices, replication, etc.