But maybe it's possible, if you just want to fix your LEDs at a specific brightness which never changes, that you could find exactly the right current level...?
But maybe it's possible, if you just want to fix your LEDs at a specific brightness which never changes, that you could find exactly the right current level...?
One that I think would work well in cars is a fixed-current linear regulator like the AMC7135. There's no need to do anything fancy to control it; put a 7135 in the circuit and the LED gets 350mA. Two in parallel and it gets 700mA, and so on. More fancy is a linear regulator with variable current output.
Linear regulators are a low-end option for flashlights, with switched-mode power supplies being preferred for their superior efficiency. A car has a lot more energy to work with and more mass with which to sink and radiate heat.
You might ask why not connect them in series and get the voltage difference as small as possible. But the “forward voltages” of LEDs are highly temperature dependent and car battery voltage is (somewhat) engine rpm dependent (might swing between 12 and 13.8V between no rpm and some rpm. It’s kept flat at 13.8V)
Your classic LM317 linear regulator can do it pretty easily, with a potentiometer instead of a fixed resistor to set the output current. Section 9.3.3[1] of the datasheet describes the circuit, though in practice you might add a couple of capacitors for stability.
There are also a number of discrete-transistor circuits. A current mirror with a rheostat is probably the simplest, though not generally ideal performance.
[1]https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/lm317.pdf?ts=1734395381792...