The evidence is that work from home is more economical for firms.
I see a study from Stanford (by Nicholas Bloom) that gets trotted to show lowered productivity due to WFH.
However, on the narrower issue of Hybrid, Bloom’s work doesn’t find any productivity loss, https://news.stanford.edu/stories/2024/06/hybrid-work-is-a-w...
Other studies show productivity losses from remote work, ranging from 4% to 18%.
Yet another study shows that commute time saved finds it way back to employers, resulting in increased productivity, or stable productivity.
However, firms which can manage WFH, based on current data, should have an economic advantage.
I could be wrong, and I will change my views if so.
Edit: Sources
NY FED: finds a 4% reduction. Adverse selection accounted for 2/3rd of the observed effect.
https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/media/research/staff...
Time savings:
https://bfi.uchicago.edu/insight/research-summary/time-savin...
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2c -
I sincerely doubt most people who are in the workforce have ever handled a 40 person raid.
People are going to be better at remote work, the more you work in such an environment. So I suspect efficiency gains are lower than what they will be.