> She suffered a toothache and asked a barber-surgeon to extract the offending molar. He struggled to get the tooth out, but convinced the patient to let him try again with different tools.
> > He fixed his instrument, and with a sudden exertion of all his strength, he brought away the affected Tooth, together with a piece of the jaw-bone, as big as a walnut, and three neighbouring Molares.
To my knowledge, the state of the art in tooth removal still is basically pliers and a lot of force. The difference today is a trained professional knows the technique and has practiced it a lot. (And anesthetic.)
Here's a random video of it from a quick search on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vydv7aomV20
To further expand on your comment, the alveolar bone is porous so we use pilers on the tooth to compress the alveolar bone, making a big enough hole for the whole tooth to come out in one piece.
Molars have 2-3 roots so it is a lot of efforts. In difficult case, I would divide the tooth into sections to pull each root out.
https://dental.washington.edu/uw-periodontal-study-receives-...
It's laboratory antibody serum from a specific human-sourced monoclonal cell line. Seems to work on all mammals (notably both nice and ferrets; I'm told their teeth system is widely different evolutionary and that humans are kinda in the middle).
A human study should be ongoing on some children in Japan that for genetic reasons are missing a few adult teeth (never grew).
One time, my dentist told me "I can't get it out, I am going to fetch my dad to do it" when she had trouble removing a tooth. What followed was a not so fun experience in professionally applied dental violence. (Her father was also a dentist)