The author completely misses or ignores the volume of research on line length and readability[1].
"I cannot find a single logical reason for why we would actually need character line limits when writing code - at least when we assume that part of the developer’s job is to structure and format their code in a readable way."
How about this one: if a developer chooses a smaller line width for readability reasons, depending on the editor to wrap code is a fail. The chance the editor wraps the line at a semantically sensible point approaches nil. Perhaps there's a place for better code editors that wrap according to semantics, but for now, editors don't take it into account.
Betteridge's Law applies.
1 "both very short and very long lines slow down reading by interrupting the normal pattern of eye movements and movements throughout the text. " https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234578707_Optimal_L...