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> they and TSMC don't compete with ASML

Competing with TSMC using ASML’s kit means beating them on input costs, operations and/or distribution. That’s doable but tougher and more ephemeral than having a technological moat. (It’s Herculean given TSMC’s scale.)

If someone wants to take on TSMC, they should be looking at leapfrogging or sidestepping ASML in a differentiating way. Not out of the gate. But in a PA Semi sort of way.

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ASML has no competition, you will have an easier time replacing TSMC before doing ASML. Frankly, I think they should do a hybrid approach, have TSMC do some stuff and keep refining their own Fab till they figure it out.

I think you may have overlooked the rest of it's "supply chain" -- perhaps hundreds if not thousands of other inputs necessary to run TSMC and not just doubling down on ASML's cruciality alone.

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