2. Your data structures should not dictate the shape of your api, usage patterns should (e.g. the user always needs records a,b,c together or they have a and want c but don’t care about b)
3. It stops you changing any implementation details later and/or means any change is definitely a breaking change for someone.
And in 30 odd years, everything will be different again, but your company's main data store will not have moved as fast.
To additionally answer you with an analogy: when you have a problem with a company, you call the call center, not Jenny from accounting in particular. Jenny might have helped you twice or thrice but she might leave the company next year and now you have no idea how to solve your problem. Have call centers to dispatch your requests wherever it's applicable in the given day and leave Jenny alone.
As Joel Spolsky put it: ”the cost of software is the cost of its coupling”.
More specifically the cost of making changes when “if I change this thing I have to change that thing”. But if there’s no attention paid to coupling, then it’s not just the two things you gave to change, but “if I change this thing I have to change those 40 things”.