1 is 2 to the power 0 ... 0b0001
shifted left once, it becomes 2 to the power 1 ... 0b0010
shifted left twice, it becomes 2 to the power 2 ... 0b0100
shifted left three times, it becomes 2 to the power 3 ... 0b1000
etc until
shifted left 136_279_841 times, it becomes 2 to the power 136_279_84 ... 0b1000...many zeros...0000
subtract 1, it becomes
0b0111...many ones...1111