The classic example is driver development. No one, even today, sits down and writes e.g. a Linux driver until after first silicon has reached the software developers. Early software is all test stuff, and tends to be written to hardware specs and doesn't understand the way it'll be integrated. So inevitably your driver team can't deliver on time because they need to work around nonsense.
And it feeds back. The nonsense currently being discovered by the driver folks doesn't get back to the hardware team in time to fix it, because they're already taping out the next version. So nonsense persists in version after version.
Shift left is about trying to fix that by bringing the later stages of development on board earlier.