I'll make more arguments:
1. The questions / answer options are flawed and there's multiple interpretations.
2. The study itself looks to have certain biases on what is right or wrong. Binary biases when life and World is much more complex than that.
3. The study based on the structure seems set out to prove the point they wanted to prove.
4. Many teenagers don't even care about the questions/answers or are edgy and will respond however they want without thought. And that's fine, that's normal for teenagers.
5. Countless of unfounded speculative statements based on those metrics.
Here's one more example of the study that seems ridiculous to me:
The highlighted conclusion:
"""More than 8 in 10 teens misjudge strength of U.S. press freedoms,
compared with the 2024 Reporters Without Borders ranking"""
The scoring method
---
Notes: Results based on the 1,102 teens who responded to this question. Items may not sum exactly to 100% due to
rounding. Rankings of 1-10 were categorized as "much stronger," rankings of 11-44 were categorized as "somewhat
stronger," rankings of 45-65 were categorized as "close to/exactly," rankings of 66-100 were categorized as "somewhat
weaker" and rankings of 101-180 were categorized as "much weaker."
Source: SSRS survey for the News Literacy Project conducted online from May 17 - 28, 2024, with 1,110 teenagers
ages 13-18 nationwide.
---
Basically they had to pick US as the 45th to 65th out of all the countries in the World for press freedoms ranking. And if they didn't pick in that range, it's counted as "misjudging". That's ridiculous. Why did they pick this range specifically?
It's ironic to me that this is a study on media literacy.