I assumed the latest weapons are GPS guided, and just zero in on a long/lat coordinate. Though I guess that would be vulnerable to jamming/deception so maybe they do use visual guidance systems.
Germany's Taurus for example is muuuuch more than that. It uses a sensor fusion model - GPS of course, but also inertial measurement, planetary volume modules (i.e. terrain data) and imagery. It's essentially designed to be a first-response system, able to strike Russia right where we want it, and Russia (in theory) should not be able to counteract it.
That's also, no matter if I like it or not, one of the reasons why we didn't deliver Taurus. For it to work, we'd either have to hand Ukraine the systems and data required to program the missiles (which we don't want because the risk is very high that someone sneaks the stuff off to Russia) or we'd have to send our own troops to do the programming (which we don't want because obvious reasons - remember, Germany doesn't have an equivalent to US SAC/SOG). And on top of that comes that we don't want to risk Russia finding out just how well it works and to maybe even develop countermeasures.