Docker is a deployment mechanism. This means publishing Docker images is a deployment activity not a development one.

I don't think software developers should publish Docker images at all [1]. This is a huge impedance mismatch with serious security implications. In particular, your Docker image needs a regular release cadence that is different from your software releases.

Including a Dockerfile is fine, they allow the person doing the deployment to customize/rebuild the image as needed (and help with development and testing too).

[1]: Though I'm not saying you can't be both a developer and sysadmin in your organization. Are you?