For example if you electrically sniff an ethernet cable over which only SSL traffic using AES is being sent, the first thing you will notice is a concentration of energy near 200Mhz. Then you may see bursts of a Manchester-encoded signal; further study reveals the regular structure of Ethernet headers and trailers, along with IP, TCP and SSL headers. Only within that will you hit a brick wall at the AES data itself.
Even if the payload is encrypted it should be possible in most cases to detect a modulated transmission.