For the second article, this is interesting information and I can see causes for concern in the study (there were multiple hick-ups in the peer review process), and ideally high-quality randomised control trials would form the basis for a conclusion. But what is your opinion on policies of water fluoridation in light of this (I know you are a different commenter than who I was replying to, and don't expect your opinion to be the same)? Is it that people should be focussing on studying its (potentially harmful) effects in light of iodine exposure within regions? The link you posted, written by members of Parents of Fluoride-Poisoned Children, states that:
> As fluoride toxicity is directly related to iodine status - and iodine toxicity to fluoride status -, both mass-supplementation programs require urgent reassessment on a global scale.
and also asks:
> Furthermore, we call for the proper evaluation of the toxicity of fluoride on neurodevelopment based on the extensive body of evidence that addresses the impact on iodine and thyroid hormone metabolism.
They (Andreas Schuld) also state in a later article (https://substack.com/home/post/p-139843513) that: > We also learned that most of the research linking fluoride to thyroid dysfunction had been actively suppressed by public health agencies worldwide, including the World Health Organization (WHO), the European Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks (SCHER), as well as the U.S. CDC, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), the NTP, and the EPA.