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Some people say it to mean that. But another perspective is that there can be racist structures which do not sit in any one individual. So you can be personally non-racist but somewhat trapped in such structures. If you go against the grain, you can risk life-and-limb (hey, Godwin!) or in a less extreme setting, socially ostracized.

To say that some quality is embedded in a culture isn’t even close to the same as saying all people originating from that culture possess that quality. The extent to which India’s (racist) caste system is embedded in its culture is hardly up for serious debate, the influence it has in India has basically been proven by science at this point.

> https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/01/the-caste-system-has...

A hypothetical claim that all Indians are racist would clearly be absurd, but it’s hardly surprising to find a group of Indians practicing something that is openly part of their native culture.

I do not understand “… is in culture X” same as “all X are …”

I don't think everyone is racist but I do believe that everyone has strong tribal preference. In my opinion, people feel most comfortable around those who are most like them. This is why you can look at any food market, friend group, etc. and see so few groups of people of mixed cultures. It's very natural. Racism is when you discriminate against another race/culture, even if it's just "he speaks my language, I can understand him better.."