Rucio enables centralized management of large volumes of data backed by many heterogeneous storage backends.
Data is physically distributed over a large number of storage servers, potentially each relying on different storage technologies (SSD/Disk/Tape/Object storage) and, frequently, managed by different teams of system administrators.
Rucio builds on top of this heterogeneous infrastructure and provides an interface which allows users to interact with the storage backends in a unified way. The smallest operational unit in Rucio is a file. Rucio enables users to upload, download, and declaratively manage groups of such files.
It's kinda interesting to watch anything by Alberto Pace, the head of storage at CERN to get an understanding of the challenges and constraints: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ym2am-FumXQ
I was basically on the helpdesk for the system for a few years so had to spend a fair amount of time helping people replicate data from one place to another, or from tape onto disk.