On top of that, the US outsourced of a very very ecologically damaging part of industry. The remains of Silicon Valley, literally named after the hotbed of what was manufactured there, are the largest concentration of Superfund sites in the US.
Manufacturing chips of just TSMC accounts for 5% (!) of Taiwan's entire electricity consumption, Intel's Arizona fab produces thousands of tons of hazardous waste a year [1]. It's far from the old days, but still a massive impact.
[1] https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/sep/18/semicond...