Brain Waves Lift Me Higher
nytimes.com
nytimes.com
EEG hardware and software is getting so cheap that it's going to inspire fun things like this, more and more.
That is called muscle artifact. In order to get really valuable EEG data, like medical grade, you need many electrodes professionally placed on the scalp. Beyond that, I have seen recordings with subcutaneous (implanted) electrodes recording data on 128 channels at 30khz. That produces a ton of data to parse. The equipment used here are simple toys.
The plus side is that (it least in my experience) when there was a muscle artifact, it was super clear in the data, as the impulses appear much larger than the brain activity and they are easy to filter out, even interactively as the data comes in. You do end up losing that short piece of data though, which is sad.
Definitely note that the number of electrodes you use is not a direct correlation to the quality of the data. Using more electrodes will give you better spatial resolution if that's what you're going for. But for many studies and for exhibits like this, spatial resolution makes no difference at all - they are trying to measure overall activity. I have worked with an eeg cap that had 128+ electrodes though - it was cool, took a long time to set up and had lower data quality per electrode.
I have produced research grade EEG data which is being published, and subcutaneous electrodes are probably more than you need. I got the data I needed with 10 electrodes, although it did take about a half hour to set up each subject, apply the electrode gel, move hair out of the way, and make sure the data was coming in clean.