> Studies indicate that hospitals led by doctors, sports teams by star players, and universities by researchers outperform those led by non-experts

This is a bold point with only a vague reference to studies. I’m more familiar with sports teams than the other domains but star players who manage successful teams is an exception, not a rule. A few famous examples are Michael Jordan and Derek Jeter - both were legends playing their sports and have yet to participate in building successful teams at the management level.