It's not about USB. It's about
executables, and syncing-over-cloud is equally dangerous w/
executables. Perhaps, syncing is worse than USB, because it will write executables right into your home directory, which isn't mounted with NOEXEC flag, where USB would be mounted with it by default (depending on the policy).
Security-wise, copying executables b/w systems amplifies the risk of escalating partial write access on one system to full system access on many other systems. This would be an easy building block for "Advanced Persistent Threat"[1] attacks.
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_persistent_threat