Occasional misdiagnoses do occur but let's not contribute to hypochondria by exaggerating the problem.
I think a lot of technologists have unrealistic expectations about healthcare. The reality is that most of it is still more art than science, and outcomes vary based on the skills of individuals in ways that usually impossible to accurately quantify. Anything involving biology is kind of squishy and uncertain. We should try to improve the state of clinical practice but we should also be thankful for how much it has already improved just within our lifetimes.
It seems like the only ones likely to have any investigation are those that end up being lethal in the short term.
Note, however, I've left off depression. This one actually does get missed somewhat frequently by primary physicians, in part because they don't think to screen for it, or they don't screen for it at an initial visit. Primary specialists tend to look for physical conditions first before moving on to mental health conditions. Continuing with the article's theme about women being misdiagnosed frequently, here's an abstract that notes depression in female patients being misdiagnosed at a rate of 30-50%: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S02779....
So lets keep in mind that reliability of diagnosis of individual conditions, however common they may be, may have relatively little to do with the overall lifetime probability that someone will be misdiagnosed at some point in their life.
Edit: Some even more shocking mental health misdiagnosis statistics from https://justpoint.com/knowledge-base/everything-you-need-to-...
> Misdiagnosis rates for major depressive disorders were at 65.9%,
> Misdiagnosis for Bipolar disorders was at 92.7 percent,
Panic disorder was at 85.8%, generalized anxiety disorder was 71.0 percent, and
> Social anxiety disorder was 97.8%.
Of course patients who never go in for an appointment don't get screened. There's certainly a gap with people who lack access to care or don't seek it out.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56184/
> To have a rare disease is often to have a condition that goes undiagnosed for years while concerned physicians who have never seen the condition before may offer one diagnosis and then search for another when new or advancing symptoms belie the original diagnosis. Once accurately diagnosed, patients with rare conditions may be treated by physicians who have little evidence or guidance to help them—physicians who may experience the frustration imagined by the patient quoted above. Particularly when a condition is extremely rare, patients and families frequently have to travel long distances to consult with the few experts who have experience in treating and studying their rare diseases; patients and their families may even relocate to make access easier. Although the features of specific rare diseases can differ in myriad ways, the effects on life and functioning are often similar and are emotionally and financially devastating for the affected individuals and their families. Patients and family members may feel isolated and alone as they face the challenges of finding helpful information, learning a new medical language, and generally charting their way in a daunting new world.
> As described in Chapter 1, some rare conditions are extremely rare, found in only a few or a few dozen people. Others occur in hundreds, thousands, or as many as 200,000 people in the United States. Many are genetic in origin or have a genetic component. Others arise from exposure to infections or toxins, from faulty immune responses, or occasionally from adverse responses to therapeutic interventions for other conditions. For many rare conditions, the causes are frustratingly elusive.
> Although people may think of a rare disease as something that happens to someone else, rare diseases can afflict anyone, at any age. They can be acute or chronic. Many are debilitating and present an ongoing risk of death. Some are inevitably fatal given current medical options. Approved therapies are available to treat several hundred of these conditions, but most currently have no therapy that cures or modifies the disease itself.
One of the things that various AI expert systems would be great at compared to human doctors, is recognizing the possibility of rare diseases based on abundant data (or full body scans, for that matter) and proactively testing hypotheses. But... well... the only people with access to that data, the insurance companies, are strongly incentivized not to.