Looking further a redefinition E is necessary when including the \beta factor [2]. So that was a mistake on my part - relativity does change the rhs of Coulomb's law.
Admittedly the problem as stated (two particles falling towards each other) constrains things in such a way that there is no off-axis contribution. Or to put it another way, 1d electromagnetism doesn't have magnetism.
[1] https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/142159/deriving-...
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulomb%27s_law#In_relativity