Once you get unexpected outcomes then the speed of thought slows down a lot. I was studying the neurobiology of reading and a good example is the difference in brain activity caused by the two sentences "The jam on the motorway was very slow" and "The jam on the motorway was very sticky" - the first elicits almost no activity, but the second causes a lot more activity because of the unexpected word "sticky" needs to be parsed consciously.
I think it's an issue of scale in some ways. The brain is so complex it's almost impossible to think about it clearly except in very focused studies. There's a lot of deeply methodologically flawed research out there making overly broad claims.
Apparently Roger Penrose had a crazy idea about quantum consciousness, with precious little to support it. But there's been several papers since that provide interesting hints. One is "Ultraviolet Superradiance from Mega-Networks of Tryptophan biological networks".
Another noticed by Suart Hameroff (Arizona university) noticed that some anethesias do not have an explained mechanism. Especially noble gases that are inert and generally do not chemically interact with the body, but do work as an anethesias. Turns out they do interact with tryophan rings, changing the quantum properties.
trypophan can form tubules, which are VERY common in the body, and do seem to have strange quantum properties.
More info, including links to papers at on youtube, search on "Experimental Evidence No One Expected! Is Human Consciousness Quantum After All?" by Anton Petrov.
Apparently microtubules are common and
I love this idea. It is actually very old. The Pythagorean Philolaus (5th century BC) taught that the soul is mathematical and that it loves the material body, because without the body, the soul cannot feel (be conscious).
What’s interesting about this is that the soul is not consciousness itself, which it is often equated with. In fact, many other Platonists (like Iamblichus) taught that the soul does not feel (also, gods don’t feel!).
So, the idea is that the soul is the immaterial, eternal, mathematical forms of our being. The noetic soul, then, interacts with the body to produce sensation (consciousness). In other words, consciousness emerges from the resonance between the material body and the immaterial world of nous. It’s a really fascinating perspective.