You talk about about as if a human-created neural network is at the same level as quantum physics where there are limits as to our understanding. We know very well how large language models work even if the capabilities of this technology are actively being explored.
You along with others here are far overstating the unknowns we have within the context of AI, whether this is the result of a misinformation campaign targeted at trying to boost the value of this tech or if the pop-sci takes have really gotten too prevalent, it is unclear to me.