You're, perhaps unintentionally, moving the goalposts a bit. "Version control" doesn't just mean database of code snapshots. It simultaneously connotes all the related functions and development processes we have around version control.
Are you familiar with the artistic practice of adding "artificial" constraints in order to promote creativity and productivity? See Gadsby, the novel written without using the letter "e", or anything produced by Oulipo.
The point is that we have a superabundance of choice with software architecture and programming tools. One subset of those tools comprises things provided by version control. Give yourself a version control-less, limited development environment and see how it influences the way you think about and practice coding. There will be sharp edges, but if you give it an honest attempt, you will also very likely discover novel and better ways of doing more with less.
There are many things you can try. Disable syntax highlighting in your editor; try exclusively using a line editor such as ed; flatten your codebase into a single directory; code everything in a single file; organize your data structures to minimize pointer chasing; support extreme cross-platform compatibility (10 OSes?); write platform-independent code using "only assembly" (a la Forth, sectorlisp, or whatever); write a thing and then nuke and rewrite 5 times; etc.
IMHO, value in the above is most easily discovered by retaining a strong introspective eye throughout your personal development process. Where are the pain points? What processes force you to think about non-end goal issues? When does coding feel the most glorious? When did you have the deepest insights? Blah blah blah.