Bazel (originating from Blaze inside Google) is great but very heavy/takes a lot of work to adopt. It's likely the gold standard if you're working with a large polyglot repo.

As a python dev, I've been frustrated with existing solutions, which is why we built Tach to solve some of the problems we've faced, particularly around organization and isolation - https://github.com/gauge-sh/tach

Pants is another great build system out of Twitter that has seen widespread adoption - https://www.pantsbuild.org/