Sounds a lot like TCL's Safe interps?
Overview for unfamiliar readers:
https://www.tcl.tk/software/plugin/safetcl.html
https://wiki.tcl-lang.org/page/Config+file+using+slave+inter...
https://wiki.tcl-lang.org/page/firewall
https://wiki.tcl-lang.org/page/VFS
https://wiki.tcl-lang.org/page/tclvfs
You can even build a FUSE filesystem in TCL!