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Because the most likely doping they still use is self blood-infusions, as described by Infuentes recently. Not detectable.

And those incredible new records by the top riders can only be explained by doping. Faster than with EPO. Mechanical doping is still an additional possibility, sure. Esp. after several riders complained about those motor noises last year.

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Self-transfusion can be detectable now that they have the athlete biological passport. At least, that's the intent of it. If your red blood cell count goes up faster than is naturally possible, they'll be able to tell. This can't keep you from doing it very gradually, of course. Plus, basically all of these guys sleep in altitude tents now to boost red blood cell production via low oxygen. I don't think anyone has been caught doing it yet, but it's also possible now to use a carbon monoxide inhaler to induce hypoxia and boost red blood cell production that way. Escape Collective did an investigation into a few months ago. That is pretty dangerous, but it's hard to believe not a single person would at least try, and it can't be detected. It's not even actually banned right now, though UCI did ban huffing xenon gas to do the same thing. Detecting carbon monoxide huffing seems undetectable even in principle, though, since it's a naturally occurring pollutant. You'd effectively be banning riders from ever smoking since that would produce a positive test.

EPO as a Doping Agent is almost useless. The gain in red blood cells is bottlenecked by total volume and the inevitable increase in blood viscosity.

This truth, however, is obfuscated by mental side effects of erythropoietin, which tend to convince users of it’s efficacy

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