That NASA document doesn’t actually say it applies to dual citizens, it only says it applies to “Foreign Nationals”. It all depends on how one defines that term, of course, but usually in US law, a US dual citizen is not a “Foreign National”. The document never mentions the issue of dual citizenship.
Now, I’m not saying you are wrong here - maybe NASA actually does have a policy saying dual US citizens are subject to certain additional restrictions, depending on the country of dual citizenship - but the document you are citing in support of your position never actually says that.
If we are talking about security clearances, as opposed to export control, that is a completely different story. Absolutely dual citizenship can get one denied a security clearance, and dual citizenship with an unfriendly country increases those odds-but even there, there is no absolute rule about it, whether dual citizenship is disqualifying is decided on a case-by-case basis, and it depends not just on the country of dual citizenship, but also how one got the citizenship, how much one chooses to make use of its benefits (there is a big difference between getting dual citizenship at time of birth but never applying for a passport, versus naturalising as a citizen of another country as an adult and then travelling around the world with its passport), etc