Search: half-remember some conversation from months/years ago? It's right there, in the app.
Persistent history: onboarding a new employee? All of the company's past communication is there to browse and search (see above point).
Inline file attachments: need to share a small file or a screenshot with someone? Drag it into the app and they can get it at their leisure. No need to mess around with DCC send or uploading to Google Drive and sharing a link, it's right there.
All of these could be solved with IRC (in fact, Slack was initially built around IRC) but they require extra infrastructure and tooling and development to make it seamless, and that takes extra development and hosting costs.