But for the "simple well-designed" - the problem is, the whole thing is a black box for application developer, and not a bugless one. So much of the "well-designed" part is to figure out when is the right time to pull modem's proverbial power cord. If you don't, it'll gladly eat up your battery in 48 hours after a cell handover goes wrong with no warning.
The carriers require you to allow them to force a firmware upgrade on you. This kills your battery dead long before anything you would do on the device will.
Technically, however, 10 year battery life is generally unreasonable. Most batteries that exist self-discharge over 10 years. 5 years is doable, but requires quite solid engineering. 3 years is pretty reasonable for most things.
If you want 10 year lifetimes, I think you specifically need lithium thionyl chloride batteries.