A well designed API will generally allow users to understand usage without any additional documentation, sure.
However, those who modify the API in the future will want to know every last detail that you knew when you were writing it originally. That
must be documented to ensure that they don't get something wrong and break things – and for their general sanity. That is, unless you hate future developers for some reason.
You could do it in Word instead, I suppose, but if you write it in code then a computer can validate that the documentation you wrote is true. That brings tremendous value.