Would ordinary tape work? Paper tape was lightly impregnated with oil to lubricate the punches and the tape handling mechanisms. I'm surprised that tape would stick to it very well.
punch your 'patch'. make sure there are a couple of feet of nothing before and after (no data, just paper with the sprocket holes in it).
cut into the 'master' tape at the right point.
tape in your patch.
duplicate the 'master' to make a new master. the ASR-33 had a mode where it would duplicate a tape.