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mdp2021

Curious, since horses seem to come from Kazakhstan (the first evidence of domestication is from there and from Ukraine).

From the abstract at https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1168594

> we present... independent lines of evidence demonstrating domestication in the Eneolithic Botai Culture of Kazakhstan, dating to about 3500 BCE

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More recent research [0] suggests that the Botai horses are Przewalski horses that were hunted, not domesticated.

The apparent bit damage is explainable by natural wear. Also, the age/sex distribution of the horse remains don't fit with what you would expect from a domestic herd, none of them showed signs of having been ridden, some had been shot with arrows, and the evidence of horses having been kept in pens and horse milk stored for consumption was weaker than first thought.

[0]https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-86832-9

As well as apples [1]. Almaty used to have the most delicious aports back then

[1] https://historicsites.nc.gov/all-sites/horne-creek-farm/sout...

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