This is a real problem for solar in some places. But on the other hand two a few other things are (marginally) positives:
These places often have snow which contributes to better energy capture via scattering of light hitting the ground onto the panels.
Lower temperatures can often give better efficiency for the panels.
And most importantly: These places can have 20+ hours of daily sunlight in the summer.
During the summer, Nordics are already at solar capacity with electricity prices often dropping negative.
So basically you are producing electricity when it is already abundant and making nothing from it and not producing anything when it is actually needed.
What are the options for dwellings of various sizes for the unusual situation at extreme north latitudes ?
As for energy storage, for example: I am personally looking at a ground thermal unit which can store heat in the ground during the summer and cool the home at the same time. This stored heat can then be extracted for an increased COP during the cold months thereby reducing energy usage per degree of heating.
There are add-ons such as https://thermia.com/products/accessories/cooling-module/
I expect air conditioning to remedy this. It's already July-in-May here in Hellsinki.