1 in 3 Texans is either an immigrant themselves or the child of an immigrant. The border issues and illegal immigration are concerning to some in the state, but critically 1) Austin is far from the border and mostly unaffected and 2) there is little to no anti-immigration sentiment for legal immigrants even in the other parts of the state.
Austin itself is very LGBT friendly, and even at the state level, the only partisan debates seem to be around trans youth.
Your last point actually highlights Texas' surprisingly progressive education system. Rather than funding being local-only as in many parts of America, Texas has a strong state-level Robinhood system of taking money from wealthy zipcodes to fund schools in less affluent areas, so that all schools receive more balanced funding.
Additionally on the education front, admissions to the state's flagship schools is guaranteed for students in the top 10% of their high school. This policy is a clever hack around explicit affirmative action policies being banned (and was put in place when those were deemed unconstitutional) because it guarantees admission to students who attended lower-performing schools, often from disadvantaged communities.
There's plenty to complain about for the Texas state government, but realistically for most people the issues are more hypothetical than practical. It's not like California doesn't have it's share of governmental incompetence and dysfunction as well.