ODF is for publishing, i.e. where you can have separate pages, with footers, margins, absolute position inside page (versus whole document), corrections tracking, authorship, figures.
HTML _can_ give you close result, but this is not HTML domain, hence separate standard.
Embedded editable files, for instance.
Or markup for tracking changes.
Tex might make a good starting point for building a system that _did_ do all of that, but nobody seems to be working on that.
I've often wondered why Microsoft chose to embed a weak implementation of version control into their mutable document format instead of doing something like passing around a signed chain of immutable documents.
Also, if you don't trust the other parties, you can use the compare feature an get a diff of the documents. Keeping your own copy is a easy, simple, way to get a correct view of changes to a document.
You can do a mediocre job of inferring the latter from the former, but for 100% support you need to actually put the notes into the file itself.
Any representation that makes people think "this is a paragraph", "this is a title", "this is a list" and then apply styles to each is an improvement over the current "lets vomit text on a page, then tweak individual sections independently" method endorsed by most word processors.
Tools that do this like (Pandoc being the one I like) do a great job of getting people to think of documents as text that gets styled later.