The issue in front of the SCOTUS is “Whether the enforcement of generally applicable laws regulating camping on public property constitutes “cruel and unusual punishment” prohibited by the Eighth Amendment.”

For a detailed analysis of what both sides are arguing, see the SCOTUS blog: https://www.scotusblog.com/2024/04/supreme-court-to-hear-cas...

Note that the 8th amendment bars excessive fines (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighth_Amendment_to_the_Unit...) so one can argue that tent encampment dwellers should be fined, just not at the current high amount.