'Effective tax rate' is a % of the total whole, So the quantity of that whole doesn't matter.
It’s comparing the effective tax rate of someone who made $1m 1945 dollars against someone who made $1m 1980 dollars, and implying that the same should apply to someone who makes $1m 2024 dollars.
$1m in 1945 had the same purchasing power as $4.6m in 1980 - or $17.4m in 2024.
Those are not at all the same socioeconomic classes.