Apart from what the article explains for TB3 vs USB4 enclosures, there are several additional issues with what connects how in an apple silicon mac. It is a mess to figure out an optimal set of enclosures and ssds for a macbook, as some combinations work better than other in apple silicon, while not having any difference in intel macs. For example, a lot of usb3.1 gen 2 enclosures seem to be recognised as gen1 (5Gb/s vs 10Gb/s). I don't think it is very clear why, but probably having to do with the specific usb controllers. In general, TB controllers seem to be more reliable.

https://forums.macrumors.com/threads/usb-on-m1-macs-isnt-act...

There are a lot of other factors to consider too, like how many pci-e lanes is dedicated in a usb port, how they may be shared between usb ports etc, eg it seems that some usb ports that are usb3.1 gen 2 are actually limited to ~8Gb/s because of that

https://forums.macrumors.com/threads/issues-with-usb-ports-o...

Advice: get an enclosure and ssd that you have seen somewhere in the internet as working with your device.