I'm the co-author of High Performance Python, Micha and I are working on the 3rd ed (for 2025). Lots of bits of the book came from my past conference talks, they're available here (and the public talks will generally be on youtube): https://speakerdeck.com/ianozsvald

Mostly that content has a scientific focus but the obvious thing that carries over to any part of Python is _profiling_ to figure out what's slow. Top tools I'd recommend are:

* https://pypi.org/project/scalene/ combined cpu+memory+gpu profiling

* https://github.com/gaogaotiantian/viztracer get a timeline of execution vs call-stack (great to discover what's happening deep inside pandas)

* my https://pypi.org/project/ipython-memory-usage/ if you're in Jupyter Notebooks (built on https://github.com/pythonprofilers/memory_profiler which sadly is unmaintained)

* https://github.com/pyutils/line_profiler/