Infant microbes and metabolites point to childhood neurodevelopmental disorders
medicalxpress.com
medicalxpress.com
I've been as willing as anybody to believe theories (long commonplace among alt-med communities) like "it's antibiotics", "it's candida yeast" (or insert any other bacterial/fungus/parasite/virus species you can point to), "it's the effect of vaccines on the microbiome", "it's due to microbial dysbiosis in utero".
And after nearly 20 years of researching/contemplating/experimenting, I just find myself thinking "there's no singular, simple explanation or solution". And really, nor should there be; the body is a highly complex system.
Microbiome matters – but there's plenty of stuff you can do to improve it. Metals (mercury, lead, etc) and other environmental toxins (PFAS and other endocrine disruptors [1]) matter – but they can be detoxified over time via some fairly safe and non-invasive techniques. Inflammation matters a lot – and all kinds of things to do with diet, allergens, microbiome influence that. Genetics matter – but probably less than we presume, once all the other factors are considered and addressed (and it's probably more a case of genetic expression in response to stressors, rather than anything hard-coded/deterministic).
A big perspective-shift for me was finding that emotions and trauma matter a huge amount. This is the least-researched and discussed, both in mainstream and the alt-med circles, but in my own experience, nothing has made a bigger difference to my life outcomes (including physiological symptoms like inflammation) than regularly practicing techniques that identify and release deeply-held emotional complexes.
It can seem like an implausible, fringe theory until you think about it this way: if a person is perpetually traumatised, they can be in a "fight/flight/freeze" state, which takes up much of the body's energy and resources, instead of that being directed to healthy immunity (dealing with harmful microbes and allergens), digestion, metabolism, detoxification, tissue repair/growth etc.
And just to confound things even further, having to deal with an unhealthy microbiome in utero or early life can be a cause of trauma (just as it can be in later life when an infection like Epstein Barr can lead to CFS/ME).
I know this all seems very nebulous and speculative; it's taken me a long time to get my head around, but my takeaway after all this time is that to correct these kinds of conditions, these factors all need to be addressed in parallel: emotions, microbiome, toxicity, diet/nutrition.
I'm quite sure there will be no complete understanding and remedy for conditions like ASD and ADHD that doesn't incorporate all these factors.
[1] https://www.ewg.org/news-insights/news/2022/07/what-are-endo...
Are you talking about meditation? And if so, on your own or with a teacher?
In principle, emotional healing techniques are effective if they involve "letting go" of the physiological reaction (i.e., "trigger") that is activated when experiencing (or remembering) a traumatic event. Once the physiological reaction ceases to occur, the emotion is "processed", and is just a benign memory like any other. But that can take a huge amount of work over a long time for some complexes, if they are very, erm, complex, and deeply ingrained.
Whilhelm Reich’s concept of “armoring” is relevant and worth exploring for those interested.
Here’s the first article I could find about it (no idea if it’s the best):
https://www.somatopia.com/blog/the-art-of-letting-go-why-rei...
One of my practitioners, who I see every 2-3 months, specializes in releasing “armor” from the body with a specific massage technique.
I can easily believe that in many cases where someone is considered to be moderately-ASD, that it’s a case of this kind of armoring.
This is not to say there is no physiological or genetic component, but that the trauma and armoring is a significant factor in the expression of the condition.
What techniques are you referring to?
Clinical practices like intravenous chelation (ETDA etc) or supplements like spirulina, ALA, NAC, vitamin C, cilantro etc are popular and seem appealing from the promises made in their marketing, but they are often ineffective at removing the most deeply-stored toxins, and can do more harm than good by moving some toxins around the body to places where they can do more damage.
The difference is that I've come at it from a different approach, where this fight or flight is a neural pathway or habit of the unconscious mind that you can train yourself out of. Although trauma can probably be a significant factor on how people get to this state, "the way out" (title of the book by Alan Gordon that explained these ideas) is probable the same and I believe not all people with these issues have significant trauma, although in some it may be necessary to address as an underlying cause.
As for how you can train yourself, it's explained in the book mentioned above as well as the free podcast "Tell me about your pain". Since the podcast is free so the techniques are public knowledge, I believe I'm allowed to summarize my take:
1. Constant "problem solving" and overthinking about your health can put you in a state of stress that heightens your perception of your own body which in turn convinces you that something is seriously wrong (eg: you may hear your own heart beating very loudly even though it's beating normally, or you may feel pain even though the nerves are transmitting normal signals to your brain). If you've been to many doctors and they can't find an explanation, there's a chance they all missed a serious problem, but there's probably a bigger chance that there's nothing physically wrong with your body but your nervous system is causing the altered perception and over reaction. It can be freeing to realize you don't need to try a new diet, or spend all your free time on pubmed, or go see an expensive doctor that prescribes expensive supplements. If you have a "neuroplastic" issue these things will not only not help, but actually hinder your recovery.
2. Catching the "what if" thoughts. You can't stop yourself from going to a worst case scenario, but you can stop yourself from buying into it. Every time you think something like "what if I actually have an injury that the MRI and X-Ray missed"? You can reply to yourself how unlikely that is. The nervous system is part of the subconscious so making yourself feel calm will probably, over time, calm it down.
3. Somatic tracking, which is the action of paying attention to a painful, strange or otherwise uncomfortable sensation in your body through a lens of safety. Eg: wow, it's incredible that my brain can usually filter the sound of my heartbeat but now I'm able to hear it at full volume. If you understand that the sensation is safe and you have nothing to fear, paying attention to that sensation will slowly make it go away over time (not necessarily in one session, which although it can happen is not the goal). Your nervous system highlights pain or sensations because it believes they're dangerous and wants you to feel them to avoid further injury. When you pay attention to them in a lens of safety it understands that there's no danger so they get deactivated.
4.Paying attention to things that feel good and being mindful in the moment about them. Whether it's feeling your breath in mindfulness meditation or taking a walk in the park and consciously being present and enjoying the experience.
5. Filtering what you consume. Media and content nowadays tries to appeal to our most basic instincts, especially fear. Reading news can put you in a state of alert. Watching shorts or tiktok can overstimulate you. Try to be comfortable with stillness and doing nothing. You don't need to fill every free moment of time with your phone.
6. Have you ever though: if I was better I would do X, or when I get better I'll do Y? Being sick can bring apathy that can stop you from doing things you enjoy even after being physically capable. Actually doing them and learning to enjoy them again isn't just a possibility, it's a necessary part of recovery.
I'm sure there's more, but this is what worked for me to go from bed-bound with full body pain (with 3 surgeries to remove internal joint scarring without any injury) to being 98% recovered in less than one year. If any of this resonates with someone reading this I'd recommend listening to the podcast, it's free and got me 70% of the way there even without the book.
I find it a tough choice for my own kids. For example, if they have an ear infection, you could try waiting it out, and sometimes they can get better on their own, but it's riskier and might be longer and cause more discomfort. Or you can give the antibiotic, but then you get the unknown side effects.
In contrast, it's pretty difficult to prove that an ear infection was not present at the time of evaluation. The assessment is highly subjective, can be really difficult to thoroughly assess in young kids, and generally doesn't leave any hard evidence to review or critique.
Nearly all of the bad incentives align to pressure providers to just diagnose an ear infection and prescribe the antibiotic and move on with their busy shift.
I've spent quite a bit of time in various parts of South America where antibiotics are available without prescription and from what I've seen, used for every fever and sniffle for 40 years+ now. I'm not seeing generations of Autistic and ADHD people there. If the antibiotic link was true, wouldn't it be worse there?
Whereas some Western countries might have a sterile-ness + formula + meds + other environmental factors that form the perfect storm. Edit: I'm not saying it causes x or y. Just that it is not ideal for a young kid.
My approach with my kids has been to use antibiotics only if there's no progression (better or worse). I figure as long as it appears the immune system is doing its job, that's enough for most cases.
So far, we've given our 3-year antibiotics on two occasions. Once for an ear infection that wouldn't clear and for when he had pneumonia.
How could this possibly be true that there were clear long term consequences? How could you reasonably know if there were long term consequences from antibiotic use?
Which antibiotics cause what and how do you know they are the cause?
You can find many people online whose health (gut most often) got destroyed after a round of antibiotics.
You obviously won't see this in studies, look for individuals: many such cases.
Has anyone here tried making a change to their ‘microbiome’ and noticed it had any obvious effect?
That being said maybe it’s causal? But it might also just be a generalized indicator of developmental issues (if you have issues on one part of the body, makes sense for other parts to have issues as well IMO. Especially given the comorbidity stuff on ADHD diagnoses)
- It's well established now that physical exercice has an effect on clinical depression and specific mental issues
- Gut flora directly affects your physical state, in particular the amount of energy you'll have to consume that day (both in what nutrients it can extract, and how effectively it does so)
Gut flora impacting your physical state, impacting your mental health would look like a decent link to me.
[1]https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-preventi...
Anxiety got totally under control.
It quickly reverts when I stop this.
Histamine intolerance is an interesting one.
Some of the adjustments I was told affect microbiome but I don’t know why / how.
All of that said, for an anxiety attack there’s nothing like meds, in my experience, to put a lid on it real quick.
carnivore diet solved my anxiety, but I'm stuck now, I'm able to work a job, but when something traumatic happens I'm still anxious, not as much though.
been collecting for a while, hope it helps. https://github.com/cutestuff/FoodDepressionConundrum
For the gut in general it seems to be helping to take glucosamine, magnesium and something else, I forgot just now.
Well it turns out that "Acetaminophen during bacterial colonization of the naïve gut is associated with lasting alterations in childhood microbiome composition": https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9367926/
I'm not saying these things don't have an influence on severity or presentation of ASD. But they are certainly not the root cause(s).
It seems that the cause of the connection is/was not known, but there is evidence that acetaminophen during pregnancy has an impact on the child's microbiome, and now the study this post is on points to a connection between an altered microbiome and ASD.
There are no doubt many other things done during pregnancy that can also affect the child's microbiome, but this connection is no less interesting given how freely acetaminophen is taken.
Anecdotal: my persistent digestion issues completely disappeared when I started walking (not running, not jogging - walking) 2-3 miles a day.
At the time most of the evidence was observational or mice running on treadmills with very little actual randomised human evidence. The ones that were high-quality intervention studies with control groups showed very small effects. Additionally, they were always done for another primary outcome, so they never controlled for stuff like people who bike more every day will also eat more.
I think it is plausible that exercise will change the microbiome, from personal experience high-intensity running for instance will increase the transit time of feces, a major determinant of the microbiome. But i believe most of the studies are low-quality and overhyped, and a glance at this review seems to indicate that the field has not changed much.
That said, anecdotally the difference is night and day. So whether it's actually altering the microbiome or altering some other mechanism, I try to recommend it as much as possible.
Personally, I can say that this likely is a proximate cause for me as I got a bad staph infection at just a few months old and naturally I was treated by antibiotics. However, I also have quite a few genes that are associated with autism as well. So while there's an increasingly clear picture, I'd hesitate to say what exactly is and isn't a cause of being autistic.
Being treated with antibiotics in infancy is extremely common.
It’s especially problematic right now in some countries where antibiotics are available over the counter, as it’s common practice in some groups to treat every childhood illness with antibiotics. The amount of antibiotic abuse happening in some countries right now is absolutely astounding.
Even in countries like the United States some parents will present to doctors and demand antibiotics for nearly every illness. The medical system here is, in general, better at withholding them from demanding parents when children show no cause for antibiotic use. It’s actually one of the bigger problems that pediatricians face with feedback and bad reviews, though that’s another story.
That said, I wouldn’t ascribe anything in particular to antibiotic use as a child. It’s rare to go through all of childhood without any exposure to antibiotics.
https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(24)00238-1?_re...
There is a lot there to establish association but seems to me causality might run either way.
But I think there are many ways one would affect the other. Stress affects the sympathetic neural system, limiting vasodilation in the gut, reducing the immune system’s cell access to the gut, and so on. While chronic gut inflammation will affect vascular health in the brain through the humoral response. These are just two pathways.
It seems like inter-cellar signalling to hormonal signalling will always be ridiculously opaque and complex in a macro scale. Everything has an impact on most other things in the body. Scrape a knee today, feel more anxiety stepping on a skateboard tomorrow, and worse digestion later in the day.
It might take non-human intelligence to make sense of it all. Until then, everything is correlated.
Maybe many mental health issues have contributing factors that involve feedback loops between the brain and other somatic tissues and organs. Probably. To what extent do what specific somatic issues cause mental health problems is the more pertinent question.
Any civilizations with lower incidence of autism and adhd? Thats actually been tested?
> Infections during early childhood (birth to 5 years) significantly correlated with heightened risks of ADHD or ASD [...]
One plausible cause of such an association is pleiotropy: a genetic variant that influences one's risk for both infection and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Sadly, it is standard practice in the sciences to report "A is associated with B" using phrasings that the general public (and even many scientists) interpret to mean "A causes B". For example, this sentence from the abstract:
> The findings suggest links to immunodysregulation and metabolism, compounded by stress, early-life infection, and antibiotics.
Or this sentence from the results:
> Penicillin use between 1 and 2.5 years resulted in a 1.6-fold (1.2–2.1, 95% CI) higher likelihood of future ASD (p = 0.0030).
None of these are causal statements, but many people would read them as statements that one thing causes another. As much as I complain, though, I honestly don't know how much I can blame the scientific community for accepting "misleading" statements like this. Because it's also possible that regardless of what wording scientists settled on for expressing an association with no implication of causality, the general public would latch on to that phrase and read causality into it.
Edit: I also want to mention that there's absolutely nothing wrong with associative analyses, as long as you don't try to draw conclusions about causality from them.
Edit 2: Reading further into the results, they report a LOT of p-values and CIs with no adjustment for multiple testing, and many of those p-values are barely less than 0.05 and would definitely not be significant with proper multiple testing adjustment (i.e. many of them have a high likelihood of being false positives).
I think it would be really ironic if the cure for autism was a vaccine though.
Yes, gut flora is definitely disrupted in people with ASD. But it's a real long stretch to suggest it's the cause.
If there weren’t for the big pharma industrial complex and modern liberals’ unconditional support for big pharma, we would also be talking and studying more about vaccine induced autism.
There is no group other than "big pharma" that has massively extended average life expectancy over the past 100+ years.
It is insane that there is such a large group of people trying to drag us back to the past where snakeoil salesmen sold fake medicine and basically every aspect of our collective health was worse.
https://www.enzuzo.com/blog/biggest-compliance-fines
Pharma is a massive sector of the economy though, partially because it has delivered so many miracles. Of course there are bad actors in such a large part of the economy, but the idea that there is some better alternative we should turn to is not supported by any evidence at all.
https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-announces-...
Most people here would not download third party libraries without a thorough audit, even if the application purpose is essentially frivolous. I would not buy anything from a company with this kind of criminal record without a full due diligence of what they selling, including conflicts of interests of the FDA reviewers involved.
Financial products sold by the banks must be treated that way too.
We all buy gas, food, paper products and basically everything from conglomerate companies that have done horrible, criminal things. That is just how the world works.